Two stroke man
Gudomlig sporthojare
Färre vill ha barn i dessa tider? Joråsåatte... därför ökar köerna för hjälp till befruktning.
Covid-19 viktig information!
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Two stroke man
Gudomlig sporthojare
I juli 2021 började man ge första dosen till de som var födda på 80-talet.
Ingen direkt skillnad i födsel skedde då eller under sista halvåret av 2021 så vi kan nog dra slutsatsen att vaccination av gravida har nog inte orsakat några stora mängder problem med missfall.
I slutet av juli 2021 har runt hälften av gruppen 20-29 år vaccinerat sig. Lägger vi på 9 månader från mitten av juli 2021 hamnar vi i mitten av april 2022, alltså början av kvartal 2, det första kvartalet som började visa stor minskning av födslar.
Men om det är en tillfällig följd av vaccinationen borde de minskade födslarna begränsa sig till kvartal 2.
De flesta har väl tagit dos 2 inom en inte allt för lång tid efter första dosen så det förklarar inte att kvartal 3 är sämre än kvartal 2.
Nå vi får väl invänta kvartal 4 om 3 månader då.
Ingen direkt skillnad i födsel skedde då eller under sista halvåret av 2021 så vi kan nog dra slutsatsen att vaccination av gravida har nog inte orsakat några stora mängder problem med missfall.
I slutet av juli 2021 har runt hälften av gruppen 20-29 år vaccinerat sig. Lägger vi på 9 månader från mitten av juli 2021 hamnar vi i mitten av april 2022, alltså början av kvartal 2, det första kvartalet som började visa stor minskning av födslar.
Men om det är en tillfällig följd av vaccinationen borde de minskade födslarna begränsa sig till kvartal 2.
De flesta har väl tagit dos 2 inom en inte allt för lång tid efter första dosen så det förklarar inte att kvartal 3 är sämre än kvartal 2.
Nå vi får väl invänta kvartal 4 om 3 månader då.
Raderad medlem 51742
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Two stroke man
Gudomlig sporthojare
Allmänt.
Precis! Konsensus har alltid varit att vitaminer är bra, men under pandemin har det helt plötsligt blivit trams från foliehattar som saknar evidens för att det hjälper mot covid.
Äta vitaminer eller inte – så ska du tänka | SvD
Försäljningen av vitaminer och kosttillskott fortsätter att öka – och apoteken misstänker en viss coronaeffekt. Men hur mycket hjälper egentligen den där lilla tabletten multivitamin? Och kan det bli för mycket?www.svd.se
Association between vitamin D supplementation and COVID-19 infection and mortality - PubMed
Vitamin D deficiency has long been associated with reduced immune function that can lead to viral infection. Several studies have shown that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increases the risk of infection with COVID-19. However, it is unknown if treatment with Vitamin D can reduce the...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Hörde jag någon säga vetenskapsförnekare? Eller hobbyepidemiolog?
Kratoz
Gudomlig sporthojare
Kul att se!?Association between vitamin D supplementation and COVID-19 infection and mortality - PubMed
Vitamin D deficiency has long been associated with reduced immune function that can lead to viral infection. Several studies have shown that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increases the risk of infection with COVID-19. However, it is unknown if treatment with Vitamin D can reduce the...
Hörde jag någon säga vetenskapsförnekare? Eller hobbyepidemiolog?
Jag har tagit zink, D-vitamin och omega3 under hela pandemien.
Det som är bra för immunförsvaret borde väl vara bra mot virus?
Ska nog börja ta lite tätare igen baraföratt.
Two stroke man
Gudomlig sporthojare
Kul att se!?
Jag har tagit zink, D-vitamin och omega3 under hela pandemien.
Det som är bra för immunförsvaret borde väl vara bra mot virus?
Ska nog börja ta lite tätare igen baraföratt.
Ja, samtidigt så är väl ingen med hjärna egentligen förvånad över att vitaminer stärker immunförsvaret.
Ojdå... folkhälsomyndigheten visst påstått att vitaminer inte hjälper.
Last edited:
Kratoz
Gudomlig sporthojare
D-vitamin är väl ganska tydligt bra.
IVM och chloroquine slutade jag läsa om när det var så mycket skit som skrevs, från alla håll, så där vet jag inte var vetenskapen kom fram till tillslut?
Det jag såg häromdagen var att IVM behövdes i så stora doser mot omikron så det blev en del sidoeffekter.
Tror det var i Dark Horse.
Two stroke man
Gudomlig sporthojare
Ja, jag gjorde lite sökningar på ivermectin tidigare i höstas och det verkar inte hjälpa.
Dock är det ju fortfarande lite märklig retorik att hänvisa till hästar och biverkningar när det handlar om en medicin som är godkänd som läkemedel för andra åkommor.
Det ökar ju inte direkt förtroendet för dom.
Är väl bara att prova och se. D-vitamin och Ivermektin har vi ju redan koll på vilka doser som är farliga/ofarliga och som ger biverkningar som är mlm obefintliga. Om din läkare, som månar om ditt liv, ordinerar D-vitamin så är det väl bara prova.
Viruset var ju livsfarligt fick vi höra så det är väl bara att köra på i samråd med din läkare som tillåts utöva sitt yrke, i bästa fall räddar det ditt liv och i sämsta fall så händer ingenting, inget att förlora öht.
Ist fick läkare sin licenser indragna och blev bespottade och kallade glåpord och allt möjligt när allt de gjorde var att försöka rädda liv när de mötte sina patienter som spydde upp sina egna lungor.
Finns många livs levande läkare som helst som själva i verkligheten upplever att Ivermektin fungerar. Googla Pierre Kory tex, eller börja här:
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Kratoz
Gudomlig sporthojare
Nä, jävliga fånig nivå.
Där någonstans tappade jag intresset för diskussionen.
Blev så extremt politiserat att all ev sanning försvann.
Kratoz
Gudomlig sporthojare
Att göra en riktig randomiserad kontrollstudie av IVM/D-vitamin kan ju varken ha varit dyrt, svårt eller farligt.
Att inte göra det däremot gav ju upphov till enormt mycket frågor, korruptionsanklagelser och "big pharma"-konspirationer.
Svårt med finansiering om inte annat. Pfizer, Merck och JnJ tex blir nog inte så glada om ett billigt piller med vitamin som går att köpa i närmsta korvkiosk är lösningen på Covid. De vill ju sälja vaccin,
Ivermectin for COVID-19: real-time meta analysis of 101 studies
101 ivermectin COVID-19 controlled studies. 85% improvement for prophylaxis, p < 0.0001. 62% improvement for early treatment, p < 0.0001. 39% improvement for late treatment, p < 0.0001. ivmmeta
c19ivm.org
Two stroke man
Gudomlig sporthojare
Problemet med både vitaminer och Ivermectin var väl att ingen vill betala för forskningsstudier som det inte går att tjäna pengar på.
Men det är väl just såna här gånger man verkligen vill att forskning ska kunna vara statligt finansierad.
Jag vet inte hur det ser ut i resten av världen men i Sverige krävs det i princip att något privat företag går in med 10% av finansieringen för att de statliga stiftelserna ska gå in med 90%.
Man kan ju tycka att de där 10 procenten är pengar man klarar sig utan men det har alltså varit krav i alla forskningssammanhang jag varit involverad i. Dessa 10% av pengarna gör alltså att företagen kan bestämma vad svenska Univeristet ska forska på.
Det kan förvisso också finnas en poäng i att företagen kan styra lite så att det forskas på områden där det faktiskt finns behov.
Kratoz
Gudomlig sporthojare
Svårt med finansiering om inte annat. Pfizer, Merck och JnJ tex blir nog inte så glada om ett billigt piller med vitamin som går att köpa i närmsta korvkiosk är lösningen på Covid. De vill ju sälja vaccin,
Ivermectin for COVID-19: real-time meta analysis of 101 studies
101 ivermectin COVID-19 controlled studies. 85% improvement for prophylaxis, p < 0.0001. 62% improvement for early treatment, p < 0.0001. 39% improvement for late treatment, p < 0.0001. ivmmeta
En sådan studie borde väl ha kunnat organiserat och finansierats av vilket fattigt land som helst?
New study links vaccines to 25 percent increase in cardiac arrest in young adults
A new study by Israeli researchers revealed an increase of over 25 percent in cardiovascular-related emergency calls in young males and females. No similar increase was found due to Covid infection.Published: June 5, 2022, 11:57 am
TEL AVIV
Israel health authorities have admitted that jabs cause injury in young adults. A study published in Nature showed an increase in cardiovascular complications with the risk of myocarditis after receiving a second vaccine dose is now estimated to be between 1 in 3000 to 1 in 6000 in men aged 16 to 24.
“The findings raise concerns regarding vaccine-induced undetected severe cardiovascular side-effects and underscore the already established causal relationship between vaccines and myocarditis, a frequent cause of unexpected cardiac arrest in young individuals.”
The study conducted by Israeli researchers, using data from Israel National Emergency Medical Services (EMS), revealed the uptick in “cardiac arrest and acute coronary syndrome EMS calls in the 16–39-year-old population” between 2019 and 2021.
An increase of over 25 percent was noted with “increased rates of vaccination” and more jabs “are associated with increased number of CA [cardiac arrest] and ACS [acute coronary syndrome]”. By contrast, the trial “did not detect a statistically significant association between the COVID-19 infection rates and the CA and ACS weekly call counts”.
While the dangers of myocarditis for young males have gained widespread attention, this study showed a similar risk for young jabbed females.
Myocarditis is known to be a “major cause of sudden, unexpected deaths in adults less than 40 years of age and is assessed to be responsible for 12–20 percent of these deaths,” the study’s authors note. They add that their findings have been mirrored by researchers in Germany and Scotland.
Increases in COVID-19 are unrelated to levels of vaccination across 68 countries and 2947 counties in the United States
S. V. Subramanian and Akhil KumarAdditional article information
Associated Data
Supplementary Materials
Vaccines currently are the primary mitigation strategy to combat COVID-19 around the world. For instance, the narrative related to the ongoing surge of new cases in the United States (US) is argued to be driven by areas with low vaccination rates [1]. A similar narrative also has been observed in countries, such as Germany and the United Kingdom [2]. At the same time, Israel that was hailed for its swift and high rates of vaccination has also seen a substantial resurgence in COVID-19 cases [3]. We investigate the relationship between the percentage of population fully vaccinated and new COVID-19 cases across 68 countries and across 2947 counties in the US.Methods
We used COVID-19 data provided by the Our World in Data for cross-country analysis, available as of September 3, 2021 (Supplementary Table 1) [4]. We included 68 countries that met the following criteria: had second dose vaccine data available; had COVID-19 case data available; had population data available; and the last update of data was within 3 days prior to or on September 3, 2021. For the 7 days preceding September 3, 2021 we computed the COVID-19 cases per 1 million people for each country as well as the percentage of population that is fully vaccinated.For the county-level analysis in the US, we utilized the White House COVID-19 Team data [5], available as of September 2, 2021 (Supplementary Table 2). We excluded counties that did not report fully vaccinated population percentage data yielding 2947 counties for the analysis. We computed the number and percentages of counties that experienced an increase in COVID-19 cases by levels of the percentage of people fully vaccinated in each county. The percentage increase in COVID-19 cases was calculated based on the difference in cases from the last 7 days and the 7 days preceding them. For example, Los Angeles county in California had 18,171 cases in the last 7 days (August 26 to September 1) and 31,616 cases in the previous 7 days (August 19–25), so this county did not experience an increase of cases in our dataset. We provide a dashboard of the metrics used in this analysis that is updated automatically as new data is made available by the White House COVID-19 Team (https://tiny.cc/USDashboard).
Fortsättning
Fig. 1
Relationship between cases per 1 million people (last 7 days) and percentage of population fully vaccinated across 68 countries as of September 3, 2021 (See Table S1 for the underlying data)
Across the US counties too, the median new COVID-19 cases per 100,000 people in the last 7 days is largely similar across the categories of percent population fully vaccinated (Fig. 2). Notably there is also substantial county variation in new COVID-19 cases within categories of percentage population fully vaccinated. There also appears to be no significant signaling of COVID-19 cases decreasing with higher percentages of population fully vaccinated (Fig. 3).
Fig. 2
Median, interquartile range and variation in cases per 100,000 people in the last 7 days across percentage of population fully vaccinated as of September 2, 2021
Fig. 3
Percentage of counties that experienced an increase of cases between two consecutive 7-day time periods by percentage of population fully vaccinated across 2947 counties as of September 2, 2021
Of the top 5 counties that have the highest percentage of population fully vaccinated (99.9–84.3%), the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identifies 4 of them as “High” Transmission counties. Chattahoochee (Georgia), McKinley (New Mexico), and Arecibo (Puerto Rico) counties have above 90% of their population fully vaccinated with all three being classified as “High” transmission. Conversely, of the 57 counties that have been classified as “low” transmission counties by the CDC, 26.3% (15) have percentage of population fully vaccinated below 20%.
Since full immunity from the vaccine is believed to take about 2 weeks after the second dose, we conducted sensitivity analyses by using a 1-month lag on the percentage population fully vaccinated for countries and US counties. The above findings of no discernable association between COVID-19 cases and levels of fully vaccinated was also observed when we considered a 1-month lag on the levels of fully vaccinated (Supplementary Figure 1, Supplementary Figure 2).
We should note that the COVID-19 case data is of confirmed cases, which is a function of both supply (e.g., variation in testing capacities or reporting practices) and demand-side (e.g., variation in people’s decision on when to get tested) factors.
Findings
At the country-level, there appears to be no discernable relationship between percentage of population fully vaccinated and new COVID-19 cases in the last 7 days (Fig. 1). In fact, the trend line suggests a marginally positive association such that countries with higher percentage of population fully vaccinated have higher COVID-19 cases per 1 million people. Notably, Israel with over 60% of their population fully vaccinated had the highest COVID-19 cases per 1 million people in the last 7 days. The lack of a meaningful association between percentage population fully vaccinated and new COVID-19 cases is further exemplified, for instance, by comparison of Iceland and Portugal. Both countries have over 75% of their population fully vaccinated and have more COVID-19 cases per 1 million people than countries such as Vietnam and South Africa that have around 10% of their population fully vaccinated.
Fig. 1
Relationship between cases per 1 million people (last 7 days) and percentage of population fully vaccinated across 68 countries as of September 3, 2021 (See Table S1 for the underlying data)
Across the US counties too, the median new COVID-19 cases per 100,000 people in the last 7 days is largely similar across the categories of percent population fully vaccinated (Fig. 2). Notably there is also substantial county variation in new COVID-19 cases within categories of percentage population fully vaccinated. There also appears to be no significant signaling of COVID-19 cases decreasing with higher percentages of population fully vaccinated (Fig. 3).
Fig. 2
Median, interquartile range and variation in cases per 100,000 people in the last 7 days across percentage of population fully vaccinated as of September 2, 2021
Fig. 3
Percentage of counties that experienced an increase of cases between two consecutive 7-day time periods by percentage of population fully vaccinated across 2947 counties as of September 2, 2021
Of the top 5 counties that have the highest percentage of population fully vaccinated (99.9–84.3%), the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identifies 4 of them as “High” Transmission counties. Chattahoochee (Georgia), McKinley (New Mexico), and Arecibo (Puerto Rico) counties have above 90% of their population fully vaccinated with all three being classified as “High” transmission. Conversely, of the 57 counties that have been classified as “low” transmission counties by the CDC, 26.3% (15) have percentage of population fully vaccinated below 20%.
Since full immunity from the vaccine is believed to take about 2 weeks after the second dose, we conducted sensitivity analyses by using a 1-month lag on the percentage population fully vaccinated for countries and US counties. The above findings of no discernable association between COVID-19 cases and levels of fully vaccinated was also observed when we considered a 1-month lag on the levels of fully vaccinated (Supplementary Figure 1, Supplementary Figure 2).
We should note that the COVID-19 case data is of confirmed cases, which is a function of both supply (e.g., variation in testing capacities or reporting practices) and demand-side (e.g., variation in people’s decision on when to get tested) factors.
Fortsättning.
For instance, in a report released from the Ministry of Health in Israel, the effectiveness of 2 doses of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine against preventing COVID-19 infection was reported to be 39% [6], substantially lower than the trial efficacy of 96% [7]. It is also emerging that immunity derived from the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine may not be as strong as immunity acquired through recovery from the COVID-19 virus [8]. A substantial decline in immunity from mRNA vaccines 6-months post immunization has also been reported [9]. Even though vaccinations offers protection to individuals against severe hospitalization and death, the CDC reported an increase from 0.01 to 9% and 0 to 15.1% (between January to May 2021) in the rates of hospitalizations and deaths, respectively, amongst the fully vaccinated [10].
In summary, even as efforts should be made to encourage populations to get vaccinated it should be done so with humility and respect. Stigmatizing populations can do more harm than good. Importantly, other non-pharmacological prevention efforts (e.g., the importance of basic public health hygiene with regards to maintaining safe distance or handwashing, promoting better frequent and cheaper forms of testing) needs to be renewed in order to strike the balance of learning to live with COVID-19 in the same manner we continue to live a 100 years later with various seasonal alterations of the 1918 Influenza virus.
Supplementary file1 (DOCX 185 KB)(185K, docx)
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Change history
10/27/2021
The title of the Supplementary Table S1 has been corrected.
Published online 2021 Sep 30. doi: 10.1007/s10654-021-00808-7
PMCID: PMC8481107
PMID: 34591202
S. V. Subramanian
1,2 and Akhil Kumar3
1Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA USA
2Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
3Turner Fenton Secondary School, Brampton, ON Canada
S. V. Subramanian, Email: ude.dravrah.hpsh@marbusvs.
Corresponding author.
Received 2021 Aug 17; Accepted 2021 Sep 9.
Copyright © Springer Nature B.V. 2021, corrected publication 2021
This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
See letter "Re: Subramanian and Kumar. Vaccination rates and COVID-19 cases" in Eur J Epidemiol, volume 36 on page 1241.
See letter "Re: Subramanian and Kumar. Vaccination rates and COVID-19 cases" in Eur J Epidemiol, volume 36 on page 1243.
See letter "Re: Subramanian and Kumar. Vaccination rates and COVID-19 cases" in Eur J Epidemiol, volume 36 on page 1245.
Interpretation
The sole reliance on vaccination as a primary strategy to mitigate COVID-19 and its adverse consequences needs to be re-examined, especially considering the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant and the likelihood of future variants. Other pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions may need to be put in place alongside increasing vaccination rates. Such course correction, especially with regards to the policy narrative, becomes paramount with emerging scientific evidence on real world effectiveness of the vaccines.For instance, in a report released from the Ministry of Health in Israel, the effectiveness of 2 doses of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine against preventing COVID-19 infection was reported to be 39% [6], substantially lower than the trial efficacy of 96% [7]. It is also emerging that immunity derived from the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine may not be as strong as immunity acquired through recovery from the COVID-19 virus [8]. A substantial decline in immunity from mRNA vaccines 6-months post immunization has also been reported [9]. Even though vaccinations offers protection to individuals against severe hospitalization and death, the CDC reported an increase from 0.01 to 9% and 0 to 15.1% (between January to May 2021) in the rates of hospitalizations and deaths, respectively, amongst the fully vaccinated [10].
In summary, even as efforts should be made to encourage populations to get vaccinated it should be done so with humility and respect. Stigmatizing populations can do more harm than good. Importantly, other non-pharmacological prevention efforts (e.g., the importance of basic public health hygiene with regards to maintaining safe distance or handwashing, promoting better frequent and cheaper forms of testing) needs to be renewed in order to strike the balance of learning to live with COVID-19 in the same manner we continue to live a 100 years later with various seasonal alterations of the 1918 Influenza virus.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.Supplementary file1 (DOCX 185 KB)(185K, docx)
Footnotes
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Change history
10/27/2021
The title of the Supplementary Table S1 has been corrected.
Article information
Eur J Epidemiol. 2021; 36(12): 1237–1240.Published online 2021 Sep 30. doi: 10.1007/s10654-021-00808-7
PMCID: PMC8481107
PMID: 34591202
S. V. Subramanian
1Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA USA
2Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
3Turner Fenton Secondary School, Brampton, ON Canada
S. V. Subramanian, Email: ude.dravrah.hpsh@marbusvs.
Received 2021 Aug 17; Accepted 2021 Sep 9.
Copyright © Springer Nature B.V. 2021, corrected publication 2021
This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
See letter "Re: Subramanian and Kumar. Vaccination rates and COVID-19 cases" in Eur J Epidemiol, volume 36 on page 1241.
See letter "Re: Subramanian and Kumar. Vaccination rates and COVID-19 cases" in Eur J Epidemiol, volume 36 on page 1243.
See letter "Re: Subramanian and Kumar. Vaccination rates and COVID-19 cases" in Eur J Epidemiol, volume 36 on page 1245.
Fortsättning
2. Nicolas E. Germany mulls restrictions for unvaccinated as cases soar. EUobserver; 2021. https://euobserver.com/coronavirus/152534.
3. Estrin D. Highly vaccinated Israel is seeing a dramatic surge in New COVID cases. Here's why. NPR; 2021. https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsa...a-dramatic-surge-in-new-covid-cases-heres-why.
4. Ritchie H, Ortiz-Ospina E, Beltekian D, Mathieu E, Hasell J, Macdonald B, Giattino C, Appel C, Rodés-Guirao L, Roser M. Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). 2020. Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Retrieved from: https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus.
5. White House COVID-19 Team. COVID-19 community profile report. 2020. HealthData.gov. https://healthdata.gov/Health/COVID-19-Community-Profile-Report/gqxm-d9w9.
6. Ministry of Health Israel. Two-dose vaccination data. Government of Israel; 2021. https://www.gov.il/BlobFolder/repor...ications_corona_two-dose-vaccination-data.pdf.
7. Thomas SJ, Moreira ED, Kitchin N, Absalon J, Gurtman A, Lockhart S, Perez JL, et al. Six Month safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 Mrna Covid-19 vaccine. MedRxiv. 2021 doi: 10.1101/2021.07.28.21261159. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
8. Gazit S, Shlezinger R, Perez G, Lotan R, Peretz A, Ben-Tov A, Cohen D, Muhsen K, Chodick G, Patalon T. Comparing sars-cov-2 natural immunity to vaccine-induced immunity: reinfections versus breakthrough infections. MedRxiv. 2021 doi: 10.1101/2021.08.24.21262415. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
9. Canaday DH, Oyebanji OA, Keresztesy D, Payne M, Wilk D, Carias L, Aung H, Denis KS, Lam EC, Rowley CF, Berry SD, Cameron CM, Cameron MJ, Wilson B, Balazs AB, King CL, Gravenstein S. Significant reduction in humoral Immunity among healthcare workers and nursing home residents 6 months AFTER COVID-19 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination. MedRxiv. 2021 doi: 10.1101/2021.08.15.21262067. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
10. McMorrow M. (rep.). Improving communications around vaccine breakthrough and vaccine effectiveness. 2021. Retrieved from https://context-cdn.washingtonpost....c37/note/57c98604-3b54-44f0-8b44-b148d8f75165.
References
1. Vaccinations CDC. CDC COVID data tracker. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2021. https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#vaccinations.2. Nicolas E. Germany mulls restrictions for unvaccinated as cases soar. EUobserver; 2021. https://euobserver.com/coronavirus/152534.
3. Estrin D. Highly vaccinated Israel is seeing a dramatic surge in New COVID cases. Here's why. NPR; 2021. https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsa...a-dramatic-surge-in-new-covid-cases-heres-why.
4. Ritchie H, Ortiz-Ospina E, Beltekian D, Mathieu E, Hasell J, Macdonald B, Giattino C, Appel C, Rodés-Guirao L, Roser M. Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). 2020. Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Retrieved from: https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus.
5. White House COVID-19 Team. COVID-19 community profile report. 2020. HealthData.gov. https://healthdata.gov/Health/COVID-19-Community-Profile-Report/gqxm-d9w9.
6. Ministry of Health Israel. Two-dose vaccination data. Government of Israel; 2021. https://www.gov.il/BlobFolder/repor...ications_corona_two-dose-vaccination-data.pdf.
7. Thomas SJ, Moreira ED, Kitchin N, Absalon J, Gurtman A, Lockhart S, Perez JL, et al. Six Month safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 Mrna Covid-19 vaccine. MedRxiv. 2021 doi: 10.1101/2021.07.28.21261159. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
8. Gazit S, Shlezinger R, Perez G, Lotan R, Peretz A, Ben-Tov A, Cohen D, Muhsen K, Chodick G, Patalon T. Comparing sars-cov-2 natural immunity to vaccine-induced immunity: reinfections versus breakthrough infections. MedRxiv. 2021 doi: 10.1101/2021.08.24.21262415. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
9. Canaday DH, Oyebanji OA, Keresztesy D, Payne M, Wilk D, Carias L, Aung H, Denis KS, Lam EC, Rowley CF, Berry SD, Cameron CM, Cameron MJ, Wilson B, Balazs AB, King CL, Gravenstein S. Significant reduction in humoral Immunity among healthcare workers and nursing home residents 6 months AFTER COVID-19 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination. MedRxiv. 2021 doi: 10.1101/2021.08.15.21262067. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
10. McMorrow M. (rep.). Improving communications around vaccine breakthrough and vaccine effectiveness. 2021. Retrieved from https://context-cdn.washingtonpost....c37/note/57c98604-3b54-44f0-8b44-b148d8f75165.
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